1989: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox_year | | |||
year = 1989| | |||
image = [[File:1989 Radio Shack.png|300px]]| | |||
events = See [[:Category:1989 categories|1989 categories]]| | |||
}} | |||
'''1989''' was a year of continued expansion of the use of [[computer]]s in multiple industries. | |||
==Computers== | |||
===Systems=== | |||
[[Apple]] released several [[Macintosh]] computers, including the [[Macintosh Portable]], [[Macintosh II|Macintosh IIcx]] and [[Macintosh II|Macintosh IIcl]]. | |||
[[Atari Corporation]] released models of [[Atari ST]] known as the [[Atari ST|Atari 520 STE]] and [[Atari ST|Atari 1040 STE]]. | |||
*[[ | [[Commodore International]] released the [[PC40-III|Commodore PC40-III]], a desktop [[computer]] that was [[IBM PC compatible]]. | ||
[[Dell Computer Corporation]] established on-site service programs due to few local third-party service centers. | |||
[[IBM]] released four models of [[IBM Personal System/55|Personal System/55]] computers in Japan. The IBM 5550-V was a 25 MHz i386DX desktop, the 5570-V was a 25 MHz i386DX tower, the 5530-T was a 20 MHz i386DX desktop with an integrated display, and the 5530Z SX was a 20 MHz i386DX desktop which also had an integrated display. | |||
[[NeXT]] made a test release of its [[NeXT Computer]] to universities in the United States at a base price of $6,500 USD. | |||
===Components=== | |||
[[Intel]] released the 32-bit [[i486]] microprocessor. It was available in speeds ranging from 20 MHz to 50 MHz. | |||
[[Motorola]] released the [[MC68302]], a [[microcontroller]] which used a [[CPU]] core based on the [[68000]]. | |||
===Operating systems=== | |||
Apple released version 6.0.4 of [[Mac OS]] with the release of the Macintosh Portable and Macintosh IIci. | |||
Atari Corporation released versions 1.04 and 1.06 of [[TOS]], the operating system for AtariST computers. | |||
Commodore International released version 1.3.2 of the [[AmigaOS|Amiga operating system]]. | |||
[[Digital Research]] released versions 3.40 and 3.41 of [[DR DOS]], the [[MS-DOS]] compatible [[operating system]]. | |||
IBM released [[OS/2]] 1.2, which supported the [[High Performance File System]], which was created to overcome the limitations of the [[File Allocation Table]] file system. | |||
NeXT released version 0.9 beta of [[NeXTSTEP]], included in the NeXT computers released in test markets at the United States university campuses. | |||
===Software=== | |||
Microsoft released [[Windows 2.0|Windows 2.11]], the final version of its second graphical operating environment for [[DOS]]. | |||
===Internet=== | |||
[[Tim Berners-Lee|Tim Berners-Lee]] launched a network of [[hypertext]] documents from his NeXT computer at [[CERN]], creating the prototype of the [[World Wide Web]]. | |||
==Video games== | |||
===Game & Watch=== | |||
[[Nintendo]] made the penultimate release of its [[Second generation of video game consoles|4-bit]] [[Game & Watch]] handheld video game console line, [[Zelda (video game)|Zelda]], in North America and Europe. | |||
===Game Boy=== | |||
Nintendo released the [[Third generation of video game consoles|8-bit]] monochrome handheld video game console, [[Game Boy]], in Japan and North America. | |||
Games released include ''[[Alleyway]]'', ''[[Baseball (1983 video game|Baseball]]'', ''[[Battleship (1993 video game)|Battleship]]'', ''[[Castlevania: The Adventure]]'', ''[[Boxxle|Sokoban]]'', ''[[The Bugs Bunny Crazy Castle|Mickey Mouse]]'', ''[[Fist of the North Star: 10 Big Brawls for the King of Universe]]'', ''[[Golf (1984 video game)|Golf]]'', ''[[Hyper Lode Runner: The Labyrinth of Doom|Hyper Lode Runner]]'', ''[[Malibu Beach Volleyball Seaside Volley]]'', ''[[Master Karateka]]'', ''[[Motocross Maniacs]]'', ''[[Pachinko Time]]'', ''[[Kwirk|Puzzle Boy]]'', ''[[QBillion]]'', ''[[Revenge of the 'Gator]]'', ''[[Shanghai]]'', ''[[Shogi]]'', ''[[Super Mario Land]]'', ''[[The Sword of Hope]]'', ''[[Boomer's Adventure in ASMIK World|Teke! Teke! Asmik-kun World]]'', ''[[Tennis (1984 video game)|Tennis]]'', ''[[Tetris (Game Boy video game)|Tetris]]'', and ''[[The Final Fantasy Legend|Warrior in the Tower of the Spirit World SaGa]]'', and ''[[Yakuman]]''. | |||
===Lynx=== | |||
Atari released the handheld video game console named [[Lynx]] on September 1. It was designed by Epyx and was known under the codenames "Project X" and "Handy". Launch titles included the Epyx video games ''[[Blue Lightning]]'', ''[[California Games]]'', ''[[Chip's Challenge]]'', ''[[Electrocop]]'', and ''[[Gates of Zendocon]]''. | |||
===Nintendo Entertainment System=== | |||
[[Samsung]] released the 8-bit [[Nintendo Entertainment System]] in [[South Korea]] under the Comboy brand name. | |||
===PlayChoice-10=== | |||
[[Nintendo]] released several games for its timer-limited NES-based 8-bit [[PlayChoice-10]] arcade hardware, including ''[[Baseball Stars]]'' by [[SNK]], ''[[Ninja Gaiden]]'' and ''[[Tecmo Bowl]]'' by [[Tecmo]], and ''[[Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (video game)|Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles]]'' by [[Konami]]. | |||
===Sega Genesis=== | |||
[[Sega]] released the [[Fourth generation of video game consoles|16-bit]] [[Sega Genesis]] in North America on August 14. Launch titles included the Capcom game ''[[Ghouls 'n' Ghosts]]'', the Sega games ''[[Alex Kidd in the Enchanted Castle]]'', ''[[Altered Beast]]'', ''[[Golden Axe]]'', ''[[Last Battle]]'', ''[[Space Harrier II]]'', and ''[[Tommy Lasorda Baseball]]'', as well as the [[Technosoft]] game ''[[Thunder Force II]]''. | |||
===Sega Master System=== | |||
Samsung released the 8-bit [[Sega Master System]] in South Korea in April as the Gam*Boy. | |||
===TurboGrafx-16=== | |||
[[NEC]] released the 16-bit [[TurboGrafx-16]] in North America, France, and the United Kingdom. | |||
==Motion pictures== | |||
===Animation=== | |||
[[Pixar]] released the four-minute long computer-animated short film ''[[Knick Knack]]''. | |||
[[The Walt Disney Company]] released ''[[The Little Mermaid (film)|The Little Mermaid]]'', which included a final battle which was colored using the [[Computer Animation Production System]] developed by Pixar. | |||
===Live action=== | |||
[[Twentieth Century Fox]] produced ''[[The Abyss]]'', a feature film that featured the first use of photorealistic fluid morphing in the scene where the water creature mimics the faces of the human characters. | |||
==Events== | |||
===Consumer Electronics Show=== | |||
====Winter CES==== | |||
The Winter [[Consumer Electronics Show]] was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. from January 7 to Januar 10. At the show, [[Brøderbund]] demonstrated the [[U-Force]] hands-free controller with ''[[Punch-Out!! (Nintendo Entertainment System)|Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!!]]'' for the Nintendo Entertainment System. [[Cinemaware]] demonstrated the enhanced [[CD-ROM]] version of ''[[Defender of the Crown]]'' for [[DOS]]. Epyx teased "Project X", a handheld video game console with the codename "Handy" that would be known as the Atari Lynx upon release. [[Infocom]] demonstrated ''[[Journey]]'', ''[[BattleTech: The Crescent Hawk's Inception]]'', ''[[Quarterstaff: The Tomb of Setmoth]]'', and ''[[James Clavell's Shōgun]]''. Mattel demonstrated the [[Power Glove]] hand-based controller for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Nintendo demonstrated the [[Power Pad]] foot-based controller for the Nintendo Entertainment System. | |||
====Summer CES==== | |||
The Summer Consumer Electronics Show was held in Chicago, Illinois, US. from June 3 to June 6. Sega introduced the Sega Genesis video game console, the Master System to Genesis [[Power Base Converter]], the [[Sega Mega Modem|Tele-genesis modem]], and the Genesis games ''Altered Beast, [[Forgotten Worlds]], Ghouls'n Ghosts, [[Arnold Palmer Tournament Golf|Golf]], [[Hollo Fighter]], [[Hydlide Special]], Last Battle, [[Rambo III]], [[Red Belt]], [[Sega Soccer]], Space Harrier II, [[Super Hang-On]], [[Super Thunder Blade]], [[Thunder Force II]]'', and ''Tommy Lasorda Baseball''. Sega also demonstrated the Master System games ''[[Alex Kidd: High-Tech World]], [[Basketball Nightmare]], [[Bomber Raid]], [[Captain Silver]], [[Casino Games]], [[Cloud Master]], [[Cyborg Hunter]], [[Dead Angle]], [[Dynamite Dux]], [[Passing Shot]], [[Rampage]], [[Scramble Spirits]], [[Tennis Ace]], [[Ultima IV]], [[Wonder Boy III: The Dragon's Trap]], [[Walter Payton Football]], [[Wanted]]'', and ''[[World Games]]''. | |||
==Computer-related companies and organizations== | |||
===Companies and organizations founded=== | |||
[[APE]], the company that created the [[Earthbound|''Earthbound'' series]], was founded in Kyoto, Japan. | |||
[[Capcom]] was founded by [[Kenzo Tsujimoto]] after he was forced out of [[Irem]], a company he founded in [[1974]]. | |||
[[Enix]], the company that created the [[Dragon Quest|''Dragon Quest'' series]], was founded in Japan. | |||
[[LK Avalon]], an [[adventure game]] developer, was founded in Poland. | |||
[[Nintendo Research & Development 4]], the team at Nintendo managed by [[Shigeru Miyamoto]], was renamed [[Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development]]. | |||
[[Revolution Software]], an adventure game developer, was founded in York, England. | |||
===Companies and organizations closed=== | |||
[[Gaspara Arcade|Eldridge Park Arcade]], an arcade active since [[1923]] and one of the longest continually running arcades, closed in Elmira, NY. | |||
[[Infocom]], the [[adventure game|interactive fiction]] developer, was closed by its parent company [[Activision]]. | |||
[[Category:Years]] | [[Category:Years]] | ||
Latest revision as of 03:37, 17 July 2024
 | |
| 1989 | |
| Products and events | See 1989 categories |
1989 was a year of continued expansion of the use of computers in multiple industries.
Computers
Systems
Apple released several Macintosh computers, including the Macintosh Portable, Macintosh IIcx and Macintosh IIcl.
Atari Corporation released models of Atari ST known as the Atari 520 STE and Atari 1040 STE.
Commodore International released the Commodore PC40-III, a desktop computer that was IBM PC compatible.
Dell Computer Corporation established on-site service programs due to few local third-party service centers.
IBM released four models of Personal System/55 computers in Japan. The IBM 5550-V was a 25 MHz i386DX desktop, the 5570-V was a 25 MHz i386DX tower, the 5530-T was a 20 MHz i386DX desktop with an integrated display, and the 5530Z SX was a 20 MHz i386DX desktop which also had an integrated display.
NeXT made a test release of its NeXT Computer to universities in the United States at a base price of $6,500 USD.
Components
Intel released the 32-bit i486 microprocessor. It was available in speeds ranging from 20 MHz to 50 MHz.
Motorola released the MC68302, a microcontroller which used a CPU core based on the 68000.
Operating systems
Apple released version 6.0.4 of Mac OS with the release of the Macintosh Portable and Macintosh IIci.
Atari Corporation released versions 1.04 and 1.06 of TOS, the operating system for AtariST computers.
Commodore International released version 1.3.2 of the Amiga operating system.
Digital Research released versions 3.40 and 3.41 of DR DOS, the MS-DOS compatible operating system.
IBM released OS/2 1.2, which supported the High Performance File System, which was created to overcome the limitations of the File Allocation Table file system.
NeXT released version 0.9 beta of NeXTSTEP, included in the NeXT computers released in test markets at the United States university campuses.
Software
Microsoft released Windows 2.11, the final version of its second graphical operating environment for DOS.
Internet
Tim Berners-Lee launched a network of hypertext documents from his NeXT computer at CERN, creating the prototype of the World Wide Web.
Video games
Game & Watch
Nintendo made the penultimate release of its 4-bit Game & Watch handheld video game console line, Zelda, in North America and Europe.
Game Boy
Nintendo released the 8-bit monochrome handheld video game console, Game Boy, in Japan and North America.
Games released include Alleyway, Baseball, Battleship, Castlevania: The Adventure, Sokoban, Mickey Mouse, Fist of the North Star: 10 Big Brawls for the King of Universe, Golf, Hyper Lode Runner, Malibu Beach Volleyball Seaside Volley, Master Karateka, Motocross Maniacs, Pachinko Time, Puzzle Boy, QBillion, Revenge of the 'Gator, Shanghai, Shogi, Super Mario Land, The Sword of Hope, Teke! Teke! Asmik-kun World, Tennis, Tetris, and Warrior in the Tower of the Spirit World SaGa, and Yakuman.
Lynx
Atari released the handheld video game console named Lynx on September 1. It was designed by Epyx and was known under the codenames "Project X" and "Handy". Launch titles included the Epyx video games Blue Lightning, California Games, Chip's Challenge, Electrocop, and Gates of Zendocon.
Nintendo Entertainment System
Samsung released the 8-bit Nintendo Entertainment System in South Korea under the Comboy brand name.
PlayChoice-10
Nintendo released several games for its timer-limited NES-based 8-bit PlayChoice-10 arcade hardware, including Baseball Stars by SNK, Ninja Gaiden and Tecmo Bowl by Tecmo, and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles by Konami.
Sega Genesis
Sega released the 16-bit Sega Genesis in North America on August 14. Launch titles included the Capcom game Ghouls 'n' Ghosts, the Sega games Alex Kidd in the Enchanted Castle, Altered Beast, Golden Axe, Last Battle, Space Harrier II, and Tommy Lasorda Baseball, as well as the Technosoft game Thunder Force II.
Sega Master System
Samsung released the 8-bit Sega Master System in South Korea in April as the Gam*Boy.
TurboGrafx-16
NEC released the 16-bit TurboGrafx-16 in North America, France, and the United Kingdom.
Motion pictures
Animation
Pixar released the four-minute long computer-animated short film Knick Knack.
The Walt Disney Company released The Little Mermaid, which included a final battle which was colored using the Computer Animation Production System developed by Pixar.
Live action
Twentieth Century Fox produced The Abyss, a feature film that featured the first use of photorealistic fluid morphing in the scene where the water creature mimics the faces of the human characters.
Events
Consumer Electronics Show
Winter CES
The Winter Consumer Electronics Show was held in Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S. from January 7 to Januar 10. At the show, Brøderbund demonstrated the U-Force hands-free controller with Mike Tyson's Punch-Out!! for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Cinemaware demonstrated the enhanced CD-ROM version of Defender of the Crown for DOS. Epyx teased "Project X", a handheld video game console with the codename "Handy" that would be known as the Atari Lynx upon release. Infocom demonstrated Journey, BattleTech: The Crescent Hawk's Inception, Quarterstaff: The Tomb of Setmoth, and James Clavell's Shōgun. Mattel demonstrated the Power Glove hand-based controller for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Nintendo demonstrated the Power Pad foot-based controller for the Nintendo Entertainment System.
Summer CES
The Summer Consumer Electronics Show was held in Chicago, Illinois, US. from June 3 to June 6. Sega introduced the Sega Genesis video game console, the Master System to Genesis Power Base Converter, the Tele-genesis modem, and the Genesis games Altered Beast, Forgotten Worlds, Ghouls'n Ghosts, Golf, Hollo Fighter, Hydlide Special, Last Battle, Rambo III, Red Belt, Sega Soccer, Space Harrier II, Super Hang-On, Super Thunder Blade, Thunder Force II, and Tommy Lasorda Baseball. Sega also demonstrated the Master System games Alex Kidd: High-Tech World, Basketball Nightmare, Bomber Raid, Captain Silver, Casino Games, Cloud Master, Cyborg Hunter, Dead Angle, Dynamite Dux, Passing Shot, Rampage, Scramble Spirits, Tennis Ace, Ultima IV, Wonder Boy III: The Dragon's Trap, Walter Payton Football, Wanted, and World Games.
Companies and organizations founded
APE, the company that created the Earthbound series, was founded in Kyoto, Japan.
Capcom was founded by Kenzo Tsujimoto after he was forced out of Irem, a company he founded in 1974.
Enix, the company that created the Dragon Quest series, was founded in Japan.
LK Avalon, an adventure game developer, was founded in Poland.
Nintendo Research & Development 4, the team at Nintendo managed by Shigeru Miyamoto, was renamed Nintendo Entertainment Analysis & Development.
Revolution Software, an adventure game developer, was founded in York, England.
Companies and organizations closed
Eldridge Park Arcade, an arcade active since 1923 and one of the longest continually running arcades, closed in Elmira, NY.
Infocom, the interactive fiction developer, was closed by its parent company Activision.
